26/03/2025
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NASA/ESA/CSA James using unique infrared sensitivity of the web space telescope, researchers can examine ancient galaxies to examine the mysteries of the initial universe. Now, an international team of astronomers has unexpectedly identified bright hydrogen emissions from a galaxy in early times in the history of the universe. Surprisingly, it is challenging to explain the researchers how to pierce the thick fog of neutral hydrogen in this light that fills the place at that time.
Jades-GS-Z13-1 (Nircam image, anotte) in the goods-S region
A major science goal of NASA/ESA/CSA James Web Space Telescope is made to view more than ever in the distant past of our universe, when the first galaxies were formed after the Big Bang. This discovery has already achieved record-breaking galaxies, such as JWST Advanced Deep Extragactic Survey (JADES). The extraordinary sensitivity of the web for infrared lights also forms such galaxies, and their influence on the universe completely open new avenues in the fact that such galaxies are on the universe at that time. Researchers studying one of the very early galaxies have now discovered a discovery in the spectrum of their light, which challenges our established understanding of the early history of the universe.
The web discovered incredibly far away Galaxy Z-GS-Z 13–1, which was seen in images taken by the web’s Neerkam (near-creating camera) as part of the Z’s program, after only 330 million years of the Big Bang. Researchers used the glow of galaxy in separate infrared filters to estimate their redshifts, which measures a distance of a galaxy from the Earth, based on how its lights have been spread through the expansion of space during their journey.
Nircam Imaging estimated the initial redshift of 12.9. Demanding to confirm its extreme redsift, an international team of Copenhagen University in the United Kingdom, as well as an international team of Copenhagen University in Cosmic Don Center and Denmark, then observed the galaxy using the Nirspec equipment near the web.
Jades-gs-z13-1 spectrum graphic
In the resulting spectrum, the confirmation of the redshift was 13.0. This is equal to the galaxy seen just 330 million years after Big Bang, a small part of the present age of the universe is 13.8 billion years old. But an unexpected feature was also standing out: a specific, specific bright wavelength of light, which is recognized as a liman-α emission radiated by hydrogen atoms [1]This emission was stronger than astronomers in this initial stage in the development of the universe.
“The initial universe was bathed in a thick fog of neutral hydrogen,” by Roberto Myolino, a team member of the University of Cambridge and University College London, London. “Most of this fog were lifted in a process called Punarsanjan, which was almost complete after about one billion years of Big Bang. The GS-Z 13-1 is seen when the universe was only 330 million years old, yet it shows a surprisingly clear, Teltel Signature of Lion-α emissions that can fulfill the fog.”
Before and during the era of recreation, the immense amount of neutral hydrogen fog around the galaxy blocked any energetic ultraviolet light, which they emit, like the filtering effect of a lot of colored glass. Until sufficient stars were formed and were able to ignore hydrogen gas, such a light could avoid these fleeing galaxies to reach-Earth-Earth, including Liman-α emission. Therefore, confirmation of limon-α radiation from this galaxy, therefore, are very implications for our understanding of the early universe.
Kevin Henline, a member of the Arizona University team in the United States, says, “We did not really find such a galaxy, looking at our understanding of the way the universe has developed. We can think of the initial universe that it is also very difficult as we see this jewel.”
The source of limon-α radiation from this galaxy is not yet known, but it may include the first light from the early generation of stars to form in the universe. Joris said: “Large bubbles of ionized hydrogen around this galaxy may be created by a peculiar population of stars – much more warm and more shiny, and possibly the first generation representative than the stars formed in later ages”. A powerful active galactic nucleus (Agn) [2]The first is another possibility identified by the team, operated by one of the supermasive black holes.
The new results could not be obtained without incredible close-inferior sensitivity of the web, not only to find such distant galaxies, but also to check their spectra in proper detail. Former Nirspec project scientist, Peter Jacobsen of Cosmic Don Center and Peter Jacobsen of Copenhagen University at Denmark, remember: “After following the footsteps of the Hubble Space Telescope, it was clear that it was clear that the web would be able to find the galaxies at any time.
The team is planning to obtain more information about the nature of this galaxy and its strong limit-α radiation, with the objective of follow-up of GS-Z 13–1. Whatever galaxy is hiding, it is sure to illuminate a new border in cosmology.
This new research has been published today NatureThe data of this result was captured as JWST programs #1180 (Pi: DJ Eisenstein), #1210, #1286 and #1287 (PI: N. Luetzgendorf), and Jades original field program #3215 (PIS: Eisentein and R. Maiolino).
Jades-gs-z13-1 (nircam close-up)
Note
[1] The name comes from the fact that a characteristic of a hydrogen atom emits a wavelength, known as the ‘Liman-Alpha’ radiation, which arises when its electron falls from the second lowest orbit to the lowest orbit around its electron nucleus (energy level).
[2] An active galactic nucleus (Agn) is an area of extremely strong radiation in the center of a galaxy. It is given fuel by an enhancement disc, or falls into a central supermasive black hole. The material crashes simultaneously as it revolves around the black hole, heating such extreme temperatures that it highlights highly energetic ultraviolet light and even X-rays, rival the glow of the entire galaxy around it.
More information
Webb is the largest, most powerful telescope launched in space. Under an International Cooperation Agreement, ESA provided the launch service of the telescope using the Ariane 5 launch vehicle. Working with the partners, the ESA was responsible for the development and qualification of the Ariane 5 adaptation for the web mission and the purchase of launch service launched by the Arianspace. The ESA also provided the Workahors Spectrograph Nirspec and 50% Mid-Infered Instruments MIRI, which was designed and designed by a union of European Consortium (MIRI European Consortium) at the national level in partnership with JPL and Arizona University.
Web is an international partnership between NASA, ESA and Canadian Space Agency (CSA).
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